What does NKG2D bind to?

What does NKG2D bind to?

NKG2D binds to a diverse family of ligand molecules, which are only expressed at low levels in normal cells but can be upregulated by a cellular stress response.

What is Ulbp?

Abstract. ULBPs are human ligands for NKG2D, an activating receptor expressed on natural killer (NK) cells, NK1. 1(+) T cells, and T cells. ULBPs are expressed by a variety of leukemias, carcinomas, melanomas, and tumor cell lines.

What are the ligands for NKG2D?

Species specificities of NKG2D and its ligands In addition, the H60 family of NKG2D ligands contains three members (H60a, H60b, H60c), while murine UL16-binding protein-like transcript 1 (MULT1) is the only member of the third family of mouse ligands. Two families of NKG2D ligands have been identified in humans.

Do all NK cells express NKG2D?

Introduction. NKG2D, encoded by Klrk1, is an activating cell surface receptor that is predominantly expressed on cytotoxic immune cells. NKG2D is abundantly present on all NK cells, NKT cells, and subsets of γδ T cells.

What is CD16 on NK cells?

CD16-mediated activation of NK cells is a potent signal for inducing ADCC and is a major mechanism of anti-tumor efficacy by therapeutic antibodies to tumor antigens.

What is NKG2D receptor?

NKG2D is an activating receptor that is mostly expressed on cells of the cytotoxic arm of the immune system. Ligands of NKG2D are normally of low abundance, but can be induced in virtually any cell in response to stressors, such as infection and oncogenic transformation.

What is CD56 and CD3?

CD3+CD56+ cells represent one of the NK T cell populations. The number of CD3+CD56+ NK T cells has been shown to be significantly decreased in the peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, another Th1 mediated autoimmune disease [27].

What is the function of CD56?

These reports suggested a functional role of NCAM/CD56 in the recognition of target cells and in the induction of cytotoxicity. These observations and our findings suggest that NCAM/CD56 is a pathogen recognition receptor and plays a functional role for the NK cell cytotoxicity in the innate immune response.

Do NKT cells express CD8?

An examination of NKT cell subsets in CD1d−/− mice revealed the CD1d-independent NKT cell subset; approximately 50% of the cells therein express CD816. This CD8-expressing CD1d-independent NKT cell subset has been referred to as “CD8+NKT cells” in some previous studies17,18,19.