How does the intra-aortic balloon pump work?

How does the intra-aortic balloon pump work?

The IABP is placed inside your aorta, the artery that takes blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The balloon on the end of the catheter inflates and deflates with the rhythm of your heart. This helps your heart pump blood to the body.

What is the augmentation on IABP?

Treatment with the intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) is the most common form of mechanical support for the failing heart. Augmentation of diastolic pressure during balloon inflation contributes to the coronary circulation and the presystolic deflation of the balloon reduces the resistance to systolic output.

How does IABP increase coronary perfusion?

The physiological effects of IABP support include increasing coronary perfusion pressure by increasing diastolic pressure and increasing cardiac output, primarily by a reduction in left ventricular afterload that occurs after balloon deflation just before systole.

Why is IABP contraindicated in aortic insufficiency?

Significant aortic regurgitation is considered a contraindication for the usage of an IABP, because inflation of the balloon during diastole increases the amount of blood regurgitating into the left ventricle.

Why Helium is used in IABP?

Helium is used to inflate the balloon as it is low density means there is little turbulent flow, so the balloon can inflate fast and deflate slowly. It is also relatively benign and eliminated quickly if there is a leak or rupture in the balloon.

What does Dicrotic notch signify?

The bulge is referred to as the dicrotic notch. This signifies the closure of the aortic valve at the end of systole. The peaks average the systolic pressure. The troughs average the diastolic pressure.

What is the augmented pressure?

Augmentation pressure (AP), the increment in aortic pressure above its first systolic shoulder, is thought to be determined mainly by pressure wave reflection but could be influenced by ventricular ejection characteristics.

What is the therapeutic effect of the IABP therapy?

As it relaxes, blood flows into the coronary arteries to bring oxygen to the heart. An IABP allows blood to flow more easily into your coronary arteries. It also helps your heart pump more blood with each contraction. The balloon is inserted into your aorta.

When should IABP inflation occur?

Inflation of the IABP should occur on the dicrotic notch of the arterial waveform. Deflation should occur prior to systole as indicated by the downward stroke. Inflation and deflation of the balloon has two major consequences: ➢ Blood is displaced to the proximal aorta by inflation during diastole.

Why is helium used for IABP?

What is a contraindication for IABP?

Contraindications to IABP include severe peripheral vascular disease as well as aortic regurgitation, dissection, or aneurysm. The potential benefits of IABP must be weighed against its possible complications (bleeding, systemic thromboembolism, limb ischemia, and, rarely, death).