What does PPAR-alpha do?

What does PPAR-alpha do?

What does PPAR-alpha do?

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha is a ligand-activated transcriptional factor that belongs to the family of nuclear receptors. PPAR-alpha regulates the expression of genes involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation and is a major regulator of energy homeostasis.

Are PPAR receptors beta or alpha?

PPAR-alpha is highly expressed in hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, enterocytes, and the proximal tubule cells of kidney. PPAR-beta is expressed ubiquitously and often at higher levels than PPAR-alpha and -gamma. PPAR-gamma is expressed predominantly in adipose tissue and the immune system.

What is PPAR protein?

In the field of molecular biology, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptor proteins that function as transcription factors regulating the expression of genes.

What causes lipolysis?

Lipolysis is triggered by the activation of adenyl cyclase, which converts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Catecholamines, acting via beta-adrenergic receptors (βADRs), stimulate adenyl cyclase but this action is counteracted by activation of alpha-adrenergic receptor (αADR).

Where are PPAR-alpha receptors?

Tissue distribution In rodents, highest mRNA expression levels of PPAR-alpha are found in liver and brown adipose tissue, followed by heart and kidney. Lower PPAR-alpha expression levels are found in small and large intestine, skeletal muscle and adrenal gland.

What is PPAR alpha and gamma?

Although PPAR alpha potentiates FA catabolism in the liver and is the molecular target of the lipid-lowering fibrates, PPAR-gamma is essential for adipocyte differentiation and hypertrophy, and mediates the activity of the insulin-sensitizing TZDs.

What is the function of PPAR?

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptor proteins that promote ligand-dependent transcription of target genes that regulate energy production, lipid metabolism, and inflammation.

Where are Ppars found?

PPAR are involved in various independent and DNA-dependent molecular and enzymatic pathways in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscles.

What drug activates PPAR-alpha?

fibrates
PPARs can also be activated by synthetic ligands which fall into two major classes: fibrates and thiazolidinediones (TZDs). Fibrates, which include fenofibrate, ciprofibrate, clofibrate, and gemfibrozil, predominantly target PPARα and are used to treat dyslipidemia.